Brett Lawrie and Wade Miley are not analogous. Neither are Donaldson and Gray.
Lawrie is a 25 year old pre-arb player with a solid pedigree (1st round pick, top 100 prospect) and high ceiling. He was rushed to the majors and has not yet lived up to potential, but has been a good 3B (solid defense with a mid-.700 OPS). He was a solid bet to replace Donaldson's 2013/2014 production moving forward. Wade Miley will be 29 in 2016 and is signed through age 31 (with option). He costs ~$7M per season. He boasts a career 101 ERA+. He is the definition of a league average innings eater. He does not have the stuff or the pedigree to expect he will ever be much more. The only thing he has a chance of replacing is Gray's innings, but in now way will he come close to Gray's performance. On the other side of the trade proposal, Donaldson was a very talented late bloomer who had problems with the organization, which prompted Beane to trade him. Gray is a 26 year old elite starter who has been a stud since he was called up and has no problems with the organization (or so it seems).
In the Donaldson trade, Beane replaced a very good player that he had problems with, with a younger player who profiled as a good bet to replace most if not all of Donaldson's production and he got 2 near MLB ready pitchers and a stud SS prospect. In the trade you are proposing, Beane would trade a young cost controlled elite pitcher with a more expensive older league average pitcher and some hodgepodge of good young Sox players, which does not include any of their best options for IF, OF or Ps (e.g., EdRo, Betts, Bogaerts, Swihart, Moncada, Devers, Espinoza). Do you not see how these situations and trade proposals are widely different? And why your proposal is not just off base but totally out to lunch? If not, consider this, if Beane was to eat stupid pills and decide trade Sonny Gray, don't you think he would get a better offer than one that features Wade Miley, his ~$7M per year contract, Owens and Margot?
If I am Beane, I'm looking to trade Gray (and I wouldn't be), I would not settle for less than a King's ransom. That means at least Betts, Bogaerts or Swihart with Owens or EdRo, Barnes, Workman or Light and a couple nice pieces from the lower minors (e.g., Guerra, Kopech, Chavis, Bentendi, Rijo). If you could talk me off of Betts, Bogaerts or Swihart then I'm looking for Moncada and Espinoza. Cost controlled starting pitchers don't get traded for less than bluechip pieces in return and certainly don't get traded for Wade freaking Miley.
The Donaldson trade is an outlier. It was done due to extenuating circumstances resulting from his relationship with the organization. Trades like this are not the new norm. In 2015, teams are holding on to young cost controlled players, particularly elite starting pitchers. Just because we want Sonny Gray and wouldn't mind getting rid of Wade Miley and good organizational filler doesn't mean it is going to happen. This is discussed over and over again in the My Unrealistic Trade Ideas thread. Give it a read and please stop with Sonny Gray (same for Chris Sale or Jose Fernandez).