O'Bannon judge rules NCAA violates antitrust law

soxhop411

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A federal judge ruled Friday that the NCAA's rules prohibiting athletes from being paid for use of their names, images and likeness violate antitrust law. The ruling in the five-year case of the Ed O'Bannon lawsuit allows for trust funds to be established for athletes to share in licensing revenue.
In a 99-page opinion, U.S. District Judge Claudia Wilken issued an injunction “that will enjoin the NCAA from enforcing any rules or bylaws that would prohibit its member schools and conferences from offering their FBS football or Division I basketball recruits a limited share of the revenues generated from the use of their names, images, and likenesses in addition to a full grant-in-aid.” Wilken said the injunction will not prevent the NCAA from implementing rules capping the amount of money that may be paid to college athletes while they are enrolled in school, but the NCAA will not be allowed to set the cap below the cost of attendance.
The injunction will also prohibit the NCAA from “enforcing any rules to prevent its member schools and conferences from offering to deposit a limited share of licensing revenue in trust for their FBS football and Division I basketball recruits, payable when they leave school or their eligibility expires,” Wilken wrote. Her injunction will allow the NCAA to set a cap on the money held in that trust, but prohibits the NCAA's cap to be less than $5,000 for every year an athlete remains academically eligible to compete.
Wilken said the injunction will not be stayed pending any appeal of her order, but will not take effect until the start of the next football and basketball recruiting cycles. The plaintiffs are allowed to recover their costs from the NCAA.
“Nothing in this injunction will preclude the NCAA from continuing to enforce all of its other existing rules which are designed to achieve legitimate pro competitive goals,” Wilken wrote.
Wilken concluded, “It is likely that the challenged restraints, as well as other perceived inequities in college athletics and higher education generally, could be better addressed as a remedy for the antitrust violations found here. Such reforms and remedies could be undertaken by the NCAA, its member schools and conferences, or Congress.”
http://www.cbssports.com/collegefootball/writer/jon-solomon/24653743/obannon-judge-rules-ncaa-violates-antitrust-law
 

axx

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Guess this plays into the talk by the Power Conferences. This is basically the end of the amateurism.
 

Chemistry Schmemistry

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It makes sense, though I liked the pretense of amateurism as much as the next guy. Maybe it was time for the Empress to point out major college football and basketball franchises aren't wearing any clothes.

The questions are:

How many major college franchises can the system support? Sixty-five (the power five plus ND) seems like far too many.

Will the fans remain on board as the powerful become more powerful and the weak become completely irrelevant?

What is there to appeal, exactly? Not that the NCAA won't mind taking a shot at it. All I can see is the problem that Wilken made her opinion fairly clear before the trial started.
 

bowiac

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My favorite part is that the NCAA's own economist called the NCAA a cartel in his own textbook previously.
 

Infield Infidel

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It's interesting. Back of the napkin, but if you extrapolate the $5,000 maximum to 100 players (85 football and 15 basketball), that's $500,000 per school. (Or 1/12 Nick Saban's salary.) $500,000 x 128 FBS schools = $64 million per year, maximum. There are going to be many schools that don't make enough in licensing and merch do pay that much.  
 
If the NCAA signs a new deal with EA for the football game, that could cover a chunk of that. EA makes minimum $100 million revenues on that game (2m copies x $50 avg sale price), not including DLCs. If the deal was $20m, then that's almost a third of the maximum NIL costs each year
 
In other words, there are explicit revenue streams out there to cover some if not all of these costs. 
 
edit- I mistakenly put $5,000 as the minimum; it's the maximum lowest the cap can be if there is a cap. 
 

Fred not Lynn

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So, while this ruling only applies to revenue sports directly, how will it impact other sports where initial eligibility demands strict amateurism? If it becomes ok for football and basketball players to receive pay as part of their NCAA experience, how can NCAA justify excluding athletes in the grounds that they have previously received pay for play. This could have huge ramifications for baseball and hockey, and likely other sports...
 

axx

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Fred not Lynn said:
So, while this ruling only applies to revenue sports directly, how will it impact other sports where initial eligibility demands strict amateurism? If it becomes ok for football and basketball players to receive pay as part of their NCAA experience, how can NCAA justify excluding athletes in the grounds that they have previously received pay for play. This could have huge ramifications for baseball and hockey, and likely other sports...
 
Oh yeah, the non-revenue sports are the big loser in this. I think you have to seriously question why schools (especially those that are cash-strapped) are even giving athletic scholarships in the first place now. They were needed to keep the facade of the amateurism going, but that is no longer possible.
 
I have to wonder if this legalizes (or will be eventually) third party payments; the kind of stuff that went on at SMU in the 80's; Miami in the 90s, etc.
 

Infield Infidel

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Fred not Lynn said:
So, while this ruling only applies to revenue sports directly, how will it impact other sports where initial eligibility demands strict amateurism? If it becomes ok for football and basketball players to receive pay as part of their NCAA experience, how can NCAA justify excluding athletes in the grounds that they have previously received pay for play. This could have huge ramifications for baseball and hockey, and likely other sports...
 
This decision isn't for pay for play, this was just name, image, and likeness (NIL) rights. (there's another lawsuit for pay for play.) If the schools collect funds based on NILs, then they'll have to put money, up to $5,000/yr, into a trust.
 
So, lets say the school puts a player's photo on a schedule, and the schedule is sponsored by Wendy's. A portion of the money Wendy's paid would have to go into that fund. Right away, the money from video games, autograph sessions, jersey sales, apparel deals, etc, would go into the fund. Anything that is sponsored by an outside entity that has players' NIL on it would have a portion of the payment to the school go to the players.
 
Indirectly, this opens the door for any athlete to profit off of their likenesses. Think back to when Tiger Woods was at Stanford. He couldn't sign an endorsement deal until he went pro. If schools are allowed to pay for NILs, we aren't far from athletes signing endorsement deals. And if an exceptional non-revenue athlete, like an olympic gymnast, wants to sign an endorsement deal, they could eventually do that. 
 

Fred not Lynn

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I think this could start the fall of many dominos...but somehwere down the line I see the end of a baseball player losing eligibility by signing a contract and playing in the minor leagues, or a hockey player losing eligibility by playing Major Junior.
 

Plympton91

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The $5000 figure seems confusing. The words were that the NCAA can cap pay for NIL but it doesn't have to, and if they cap it, the cap must be at least $5000. So, it seems like $5000 is neither a minimum nor a maximum. It also isn't clear if the cap is set by schools, conferences, or the NCAA. Schools or conferences may try to cap it, but competition among schools for top athletes should erode the cap. If the NCAA sets the cap, then it shouldn't be long before the antitrust argument gets applied to the cap as well.

I'm not sure it spells the end for scholarships for non revenue sports either. Alums who participated in those sports are often fiercely loyal, and could set up scholarship funds for those specific sports.
 

SoxJox

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If my read is correct, there is a conditional 2-step cap...can't cap at less than the cost of attendance, and not less than $5,000.  So if one athlete's attendance costs are $15,000, then the cap is set equal to or greater than that amount.  But if another althlete's attendance costs are $2,500 (I can't imagine where this would be), then the cap is $5.000.
 

Infield Infidel

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Yeah it's a bit confusing. My read is that if the athletic department doesn't bring in enough to pay $5000, they can pay less, but if they can pay more than, the least they can pay is $5000
 

gaelgirl

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I'd imagine this has Title IX ramifications as well? I don't see a way around schools paying football and men's basketball players and not equally paying athletes in women's sports, right? I realize this is referring to names and likenesses only for those two sports, but it's a good question. I can't imagine the female athletes aren't going to be pissed the men get at least a $20K trust fund when they graduate while the ladies work just as hard and get nothing. The problem is that female athletes aren't generally going to generate as much income from NILs, yet Title IX explicitly forbids men from getting advantages that women aren't offered. 
 
I really don't see how this ends well for either smaller schools or non-revenue-generating sports. Ironically, it's going to deprive a shit-ton kids who actually want an education and a degree by way of an athletic scholarship from getting that education, because the elite few who are only in college to get paid for playing are sucking up the athletic department funds.
 
This (and athletes getting paid in general) is going to hurt college sports and athletes far, far more than help them. A ton of sports are going to get dropped by a ton of schools in service to basketball and football. Say goodbye to a huge number of programs across the country: baseball, hockey, rugby, men's soccer, golf, wrestling, tennis, volleyball, cross country, track, fencing, field hockey, lacrosse, swimming and diving, rowing/crew, skiing, gymnastics, equestrian, water polo, rifle and bowling. Not every school will drop every one, but a good number of schools will. Athletes will have fewer and fewer opportunities to go to college on a scholarship, unless they are an elite basketball or football player, or a woman playing basketball, soccer or softball (likely the strongest women's sports). Women will have more sports to choose from, but as discussed earlier, women tend not to earn much for a university. 
 
Alternatively, even more schools will drop football, meaning a bunch of boys who can't play basketball so they turned to football in hopes of scoring one of the few athletic scholarship opportunities available to them will have even fewer chances to get one.
 
Ultimately, I think this is bad for collegiate athletes and American sports in general. I don't think schools should be allowed to earn millions on the backs of uncompensated athletes, but I also don't want to destroy college athletics for the vast majority of the student-athletes, the ones that lack the ability, the desire and/or the genitals to play football or men's basketball. 
 

ethangl

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gaelgirl said:
I really don't see how this ends well for either smaller schools or non-revenue-generating sports. Ironically, it's going to deprive a shit-ton kids who actually want an education and a degree by way of an athletic scholarship from getting that education, because the elite few who are only in college to get paid for playing are sucking up the athletic department funds.
 
This (and athletes getting paid in general) is going to hurt college sports and athletes far, far more than help them. A ton of sports are going to get dropped by a ton of schools in service to basketball and football. Say goodbye to a huge number of programs across the country: baseball, hockey, rugby, men's soccer, golf, wrestling, tennis, volleyball, cross country, track, fencing, field hockey, lacrosse, swimming and diving, rowing/crew, skiing, gymnastics, equestrian, water polo, rifle and bowling. Not every school will drop every one, but a good number of schools will. Athletes will have fewer and fewer opportunities to go to college on a scholarship, unless they are an elite basketball or football player, or a woman playing basketball, soccer or softball (likely the strongest women's sports). Women will have more sports to choose from, but as discussed earlier, women tend not to earn much for a university. 
 
Funny, this is exactly the argument against Title IX.
 
Anyway, as this only impacts the usage of player's likenesses to generate revenue, I'm not seeing how it affects any of the sports you mentioned.
 

Infield Infidel

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We aren't the only ones looking for clarifications
Wilken wrote Friday, in the landmark Ed O'Bannon case, that the decision would apply to athletes who enroll in school after July 1, 2016, or the next recruiting cycle.
The NCAA claims the term "next recruiting cycle" could be ambiguous and would like the court to establish a clearer date. NCAA attorneys also wrote that member schools want clearer language about who the ruling actually applies to.
"Under existing NCAA rules, student-athletes in the next recruiting cycle (i.e., student-athletes who would first enroll in college in fall 2016) may receive offer letters from colleges starting on Aug. 1, 2015. Bylaw 13.9.2.2 seeks to confirm that the existing NCAA rules can remain in force until Aug. 1, 2015, although we understand the injunction would not permit the NCAA to adopt or enforce rules inconsistent with the injunction on or after that date," attorneys wrote in the filing, pointing out that is the first day schools can offer scholarships to players in the 2016-17 recruiting class.
...
 
"This has prompted concerns among colleges and universities that the injunction might, contrary to the court's opinion, apply immediately to current student-athletes," the attorneys wrote. "Based on the court's opinion, the NCAA believes the language of paragraph 1 refers to compensation only for student-athletes first enrolling after July 1, 2016. Otherwise the injunction would permit colleges and conferences to compensate current student-athletes before the NCAA's member colleges have an opportunity to consider new rules consistent with the injunction."
Attorneys wrote that they want the clarifications to ensure that there are no violations of the permanent injunction Wilken imposed, which allows players at big schools to have money generated by television contracts put into a trust fund to pay them when they leave. Wilken said NCAA could set a cap on the money paid to athletes, as long as it allows at least $5,000 per athlete per year of competition. Individual schools could offer less money, she said, but only if they don't unlawfully conspire among themselves to set those amounts.
http://espn.go.com/college-football/story/_/id/11338781/ncaa-seeks-clarification-ed-obannon-ruling
 

Old Fart Tree

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Translation: "We're not sure precisely when we have to stop ripping off our student athletes, so we need a clarification, and frankly this uncertainty throws the whole ruling about us ripping them off into question."
 
Honestly, if it wasn't for the IOC, the NCAA would be the most RICO-ish organization in sports. Although I suppose FIFA would have a claim.
 

IdiotKicker

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Old Fart Tree said:
Translation: "We're not sure precisely when we have to stop ripping off our student athletes, so we need a clarification, and frankly this uncertainty throws the whole ruling about us ripping them off into question."
 
Honestly, if it wasn't for the IOC, the NCAA would be the most RICO-ish organization in sports. Although I suppose FIFA would have a claim.
 
Yeah, pretty much as soon as you start scrutinizing the NCAA in any type of legitimate fashion, you realize pretty quickly that the only reason it actually exists is to bargain for its members in terms of media deals and to keep labor costs down for the product.  Other than that, the entire thing pretty much falls apart under any type of in-depth analysis.
 

WayBackVazquez

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The Ninth Circuit has agreed to expedite the appeal.
 

Before: Peter L. Shaw, Appellate Commissioner.
 
The parties’ joint motion to revise the briefing schedule is granted. The request to set this appeal for oral argument is granted in part. 
 
The opening brief is due November 14, 2014. The answering brief is due January 21, 2015, and the optional reply brief is due February 11, 2015. 
 
Streamlined requests are prohibited and any motion for an extension of time pursuant to Ninth Circuit Rule 31-2.2(b) is disfavored. 
 
This appeal shall be calendared as soon as practicable. The parties are reminded that this appeal will be accorded hearing or submission priority under
Ninth Circuit 34-3(3).