Divisional quality and playoff team/player assessment

One of the things that sticks in my craw year after year is the way that the sports pundits analyze the relative strengths of playoff teams as if one can easily compare stats between teams in different divisions. Few if any make a serious point of looking at the competitiveness of divisions as a whole. You'll occasionally see reference to a team being in a tough division, but it's rare to see any effort to actually handicap the teams based on the strength of opposition that they faced in the regular season.

Every year I like to do at least a cursory analysis of the relative quality of the divisions in baseball, and this year I also looked at each remaining playoff team's record against other playoff teams during the regular season. Here's what I found:

  • AL East: +214 run differential, 173-157 vs AL West+Central, 64-36 interleague
  • AL Central: -116 run differential, 151-179 vs. AL East+West, 56-44 interleague
  • AL West: -61 run differential, 171-159 vs AL East+Central, 47-53 interleague
  • NL East: -83 run differential, 153-176 vs NL West+Central, 36-64 interleague
  • NL Central: -183 run differential, 166-164 vs NL East+West, 44-56 interleague
  • NL West: +229 run differential, 175-154 vs NL East+Central, 53-47 interleague
There are a few obvious takeaways here. For one, the AL East and NL West are clearly the best divisions in baseball and it's not even remotely close. Both divisions dominated the rest of their league, and the AL East dominated the NL East. No other divisions in baseball had a positive run differential. The AL West is on its own in the next tier, with a nice won-loss record and an OK performance against one of the tier 1 divisions in interleague. Overall the division seems to echo Seattle's season -- a good W/L record but poor run differential. The two Central divisions and the NL East make up the bottom tier. The NL East vs. Central is a weird case. The Central actually put up a positive record against the rest of the NL but lost to the softest division in the AL in interleague and compiled the worst run differential of any division. Meanwhile the NL East put up the worst record vs. NL opponents and got drubbed by the best division in the AL, but managed to put up a run differential that is bad, but far better than the NL Central and better even than the AL Central. I tend to weight run differential over record, so I'd probably rank the three divisions AL Central, NL East, NL Central in that order.

It's easy enough to look at these numbers and see how they might affect our assessment of the different playoff teams. AL East and NL West teams are probably better than they look, while the Central teams are probably worse than they look. I'm a bit more agnostic on the NL East and AL West, as both of those divisions had tough interleague opposition and both feature winning teams that very solidly outperformed the rest of their division (especially Houston).

Let's look at the playoff teams records against other playoff teams and see if these conclusions are borne out at all.

  • White Sox: 13-19, -1.3125 rpg
  • Astros: 19-14, +.606 rpg
  • Rays: 29-24, +.9434 rpg
  • Red Sox: 26-30, -.1071 rpg
  • Braves: 17-19, +.6471 rpg
  • Brewers: 20-22, -.4318 rpg
  • Dodgers: 23-20. +1.233 rpg
  • Giants: 20-21 -.2439 rpg
There are a few surprises here but some expected results as well. The Rays and Dodgers top the ranks in run differential, followed by the Astros and Braves. The Red Sox come in 5th in run differential despite being a Wild Card team. The Giants are a surprise with a relatively poor run differential despite winning a top tier division. Meanwhile, the White Sox have the worst record and by far the worst run differential while also playing the fewest games against playoff teams.

The relentlessness of the AL-East teams' schedules is really made plain here. Both the Red Sox and Rays played around a third of their games against playoff teams, and that's not counting their games against the Blue Jays who are every bit as good if not better than most of the playoff contenders. Meanwhile the White Sox got away with less than one in five games against a playoff team.

It sure looks like the White Sox and Brewers are a lot weaker than their overall records and run differentials suggest. It also looks that the Dodgers are likely a stronger team than the Giants despite the latter team winning the division. It sure looks like the Dodgers performed far better against playoff quality teams despite the two teams records not being all that different.

One further question that I wonder about is how much of an impact these differences have on individual player stats. The narrative going into the playoffs is that the White Sox and Brewers have these incredible rotations, but how much of that is a product of them facing weak opposition all year long? How much are those pitchers' stats improved by the weaker relative competition? How much better are the Rays and Red Sox pitching staffs than they look on paper given that both had to face relentless offenses on a much more regular basis?

I'd love to see how the Orioles would do if they got to face an AL Central schedule. I don't think they'd be good by any stretch, but I bet they'd look way better than they do now.
 

jon abbey

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I feel like those numbers would be a bit more informative if instead of records against the 10 playoff teams, you did records against the 11 90 win teams (adds TOR/SEA, drops ATL).
 
I feel like those numbers would be a bit more informative if instead of records against the 10 playoff teams, you did records against the 11 90 win teams (adds TOR/SEA, drops ATL).
That's fair -- I thought about slicing it in a number of ways and it all seemed a bit arbitrary to me. The Seattle/Oakland conundrum is part of it. Perhaps I'll compare to teams with at least 90 wins or a run differential of at least +50. That will also keep Atlanta in, and I think they deserve to be part of the conversation as they did quite well head to head against playoff teams.
 

Sandy Leon Trotsky

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This just really makes me want to get rid of divisions all together again. Just make the division winner get the only week off. Top 5 teams make the playoffs. League winner gets a bye week (buy week?) while the other 4 teams play best-2-out of 3 at the better teams home field. Get rid of playing the same damned teams over and over and over again. Would give teams like the Orioles a better chance.
 
This just really makes me want to get rid of divisions all together again. Just make the division winner get the only week off. Top 5 teams make the playoffs. League winner gets a bye week (buy week?) while the other 4 teams play best-2-out of 3 at the better teams home field. Get rid of playing the same damned teams over and over and over again. Would give teams like the Orioles a better chance.
I've been very conflicted about the division system for a long time. The only advantage for the fans is that it theoretically stokes divisional rivalries and allows fans to be ultra familiar with the other teams in the division. Personally I think that is small potatoes in comparison to the downsides of unfairness, disincentivizing competition, and lack of familiarity with non-divisional teams. The problem is that getting rid of the unbalanced schedule would mean more long distance travel and I doubt the players would agree to that.

If the divisions were to go away, I'd probably take one of two approaches to the post-season:

1. Top 5 get in, 4 and 5 playoff, then best of 5 and best of 7 rounds. This mirrors the current system.
2. Top 6 get in, top 2 get a bye the first round, then a best of 3 between 3+6 and 4+5, a best of 5 round and a best of 7 championship.

Personally I'd prefer option 2.
 

Sad Sam Jones

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My completely unscientific take on the Indians this year is that playing in the AL Central added around seven wins to their total. I really felt they were a 77-78 win team entering the season, but that was a "generic" 77-78 without any contextual consideration for the level of competition. Then with all their pitching injuries and disappointing performances, they were a significantly worse team than I was expecting -- I think they should have been at least 4-5 wins below my expectations. Instead, they went 80-82.
 

The Raccoon

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I sometimes just eyeball each divisions total W-L record to get a feeling for the "strength" of each division, since that completely eliminates all intra-division games.
AL east: +44 wins
AL central: -16 wins
AL west: +6 wins

NL east: -51 wins
NL central: -10 wins
NL west: +27 wins

Similar results as above:
Tier 1: AL east and NL west far ahead (with a sizeable lead by the AL east)
Tier 2: AL west, just a bit better than average
Tier 3: Both central divisions
Tier 4: NL east, clearly below Tier 3

This method clearly has its own weaknesses, but after a full season it's a nice quick and dirty approach to get some comparison...
 
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jon abbey

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I sometimes just eyeball each divisions total W-L record to get a feeling for the "strength" of each division, since that completely eliminates all intra-division games.
AL east: +44 wins
AL central: -16 wins
AL west: +6 wins

NL east: -51 wins
NL central: -10 wins
NL west: +27 wins

Similar results as above:
Tier 1: AL east and NL west far ahead (with a sizeable lead by the AL east)
Tier 2: AL west, just a bit better than average
Tier 3: Both central divisions
Tier 4: NL east, clearly below Tier 3

This method clearly has its own weaknesses, but after a full season it's a nice quick and dirty approach to get some comparison...
The same method but run differential instead of wins might be more telling.
 

wade boggs chicken dinner

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I've been very conflicted about the division system for a long time. The only advantage for the fans is that it theoretically stokes divisional rivalries and allows fans to be ultra familiar with the other teams in the division. Personally I think that is small potatoes in comparison to the downsides of unfairness, disincentivizing competition, and lack of familiarity with non-divisional teams. The problem is that getting rid of the unbalanced schedule would mean more long distance travel and I doubt the players would agree to that.
IIRC, the biggest proponent for the unbalanced schedule was Peter Angelos, who wanted the 38 games versus BOS and NYY since those games filled up the stadium. And now it helps because it lets them tank without too many people batting an eye.
 

The Raccoon

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The same method but run differential instead of wins might be more telling.
Here you go:

AL east: +44 wins / +214 runs
AL central: -16 wins / -116 runs
AL west: +6 wins / -61 runs

NL east: -51 wins / -83 runs
NL central: -10 wins / -183 runs
NL west: +27 wins / +229 runs

Biggest differences to the W/L record, if you look at run differential:
- NL west here slightly better than AL east ( both are still far and ahead the best divisions)
- NL east goes from being dead last into a similar Tier as the AL west, jumping both central divisions.
 

grimshaw

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Teams playing radically different schedules has been the single biggest annoyance for me in MLB for years.

I'd at least narrow it down to 8 games each vs the Central and West, 13 vs the east and 6 each against the rotating NL division. None of that manufactured non-existent rivalry bullshit they tried to sell us when interleague started.

I get that travel is the main hold up, but the Rockies and D-Backs have been shafted since inception with few short flights. My fingers are crossed there are some big changes with the new CBA since concessions can be made on either side.
 

Max Power

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Travel is not the biggest hold-up. It's game time back at home. The largest source of revenue for teams is their local TV contract. Fewer games starting at 7pm local time makes that product less valuable.
 

jon abbey

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I dislike divisions in every sport, the NBA essentially ignoring them for the postseason makes their system decidedly better/more fair (synonymous for me in sports)*. What really bugs me though is that it ends up being a double penalty in MLB. For instance, if the AL Central winner still can't win more games than the wild card team/s even with all those easy wins in the division, don't then give them a second unfair advantage by seeding them ahead of teams who had more wins against a tougher schedule.

Even if you couldn't completely balance the schedules, you could get them a lot closer. Dump divisions, two leagues, both DH, no or minimal interleague play and the best 5-6 teams in each league make the postseason.

*As long as I'm ranting/giving inspired advice, the NBA would instantly be like 30 percent better if they went to a 1-16 leaguewise system for the playoffs. Without that, too many years with three of the best four teams in one conference, so 2/3 on one side have to likely beat all three of the others to win, 1 on the other side only the one that makes the Finals, or what happened most of the years LeBron took CLE to the Finals in his second stint there.
 

Petagine in a Bottle

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Isn’t a large part of the argument in favor of divisions that the central teams tend to come form much smaller markets and have less revenue / smaller payroll? Less an issue in football and basketball due to the caps and how revenues are shared.